Extreme heat doesn’t just make people uncomfortable — it sends more West Australians to emergency departments every summer. Research shows that emergency presentations rise with increasing temperatures, particularly during prolonged heatwaves. In Perth, ED visits peak during extreme heat events, and severe cases such as heat stroke often require hospital admission. National data confirms this impact, with over 7,100 hospitalisations linked to extreme heat across Australia over a ten-year period, including hundreds in Western Australia. These numbers highlight why early recognition and immediate first aid for heat stroke are so critical. In this blog, we’ll break down heat stroke, how to recognise the warning signs and symptoms, and the first aid steps you need to take if someone is affected.

Heat Stroke Facts: Why WA Is High Risk

Western Australia experiences some of the hottest and driest conditions in Australia, particularly in Perth and regional areas.

Key WA-specific risk factors include:

• Extended heatwaves with temperatures regularly exceeding 40°C

• Dry heat, which can be deceptive and cause rapid dehydration

• High numbers of outdoor workers (construction, mining, FIFO, landscaping)

• Popular outdoor lifestyles — beaches, sport, bushwalking and festivals

• Children and older adults exposed during school sports and community events

What Is Heat Stroke?

Heat stroke is a medical emergency where the body can no longer control its temperature. The person’s core temperature rises dangerously, often above 40°C, and vital organs can begin to fail.

 Heat stroke is not the same as heat exhaustion — it is far more serious and requires urgent action.

Signs and Symptoms of Heat Stroke

• Hot, flushed, dry skin (may stop sweating)

• Confusion, disorientation or unusual behaviour

• Headache

• Dizziness or collapse

• Nausea or vomiting

• Rapid pulse and breathing

• Seizures

• Loss of consciousness

⚠️ If someone becomes confused or collapses in hot conditions, treat it as heat stroke until proven otherwise.

First Aid Treatment for Heat Stroke

If you suspect heat stroke, act immediately.

What to do:

1. Call 000 immediately – this is a life-threatening emergency

2. Move the person to a cool, shaded area

3. Lie them down and loosen tight clothing

4. Cool them rapidly:

   • Use cool packs under armpits, neck and groin

   • Fan the person

   • Apply cool, wet towels or sheets

5. If conscious, you may give small sips of cool water

6. Monitor their condition until help arrives

7. If they become unconscious but are breathing, place them in the recovery position

❌ Do NOT:

• Delay calling an ambulance

• Give alcohol or sugary drinks

• Leave the person unattended

How to Prepare for Heat Stroke (Especially in WA)Be heat-ready by:

• Checking daily weather forecasts and heatwave warnings

• Planning outdoor work and exercise for early morning or evening

• Wearing light-coloured, loose-fitting clothing

• Using hats, sunscreen and shade

• Drinking water before you feel thirsty

• Taking regular rest breaks in cool areas

• Having a first aid-trained person on-site at workplaces and events

Preventing Heat Stroke

• Stay well hydrated throughout the day

• Avoid excessive physical activity during peak heat

• Never leave children or pets in parked cars

• Check on elderly neighbours and family members

• Acclimatise gradually to hot weather

• Learn the early signs of heat illness and act fast

The content on this site is intended for general informational purposes and is not a replacement for professional medical care. In an emergency, contact 000 without delay and follow official guidance.